Biometrika Feb 04, 2026

On the consistency of bootstrap for matching estimators

Authors
Ziming Lin Fang Han
Paper Information
  • Journal:
    Biometrika
  • DOI:
    10.1093/biomet/asag005
  • Published:
    February 04, 2026
  • Added to Tracker:
    Feb 10, 2026
Abstract

Abstract In a landmark paper, abadie2008failure showed that the naive bootstrap is inconsistent when applied to nearest neighbour matching estimators of the average treatment effect with a fixed number of matches. Since then, this finding has inspired numerous efforts to address the inconsistency issue, typically by employing alternative bootstrap methods. In contrast, this paper shows that the naive bootstrap is provably consistent for the original matching estimator, provided that the number of matches, M , diverges. The bootstrap inconsistency identified by abadie2008failure thus arises solely from the use of a fixed M

Author Details
Ziming Lin
Author
Fang Han
Author
Citation Information
APA Format
Ziming Lin & Fang Han (2026) . On the consistency of bootstrap for matching estimators. Biometrika , 10.1093/biomet/asag005.
BibTeX Format
@article{paper863,
  title = { On the consistency of bootstrap for matching estimators },
  author = { Ziming Lin and Fang Han },
  journal = { Biometrika },
  year = { 2026 },
  doi = { 10.1093/biomet/asag005 },
  url = { https://doi.org/10.1093/biomet/asag005 }
}